Nicotine, a chemical most commonly based in the plants with the Solanaceae family, can be an alkaloid and it is found accumulated from the leaves of such plants, although biosynthesis of this chemical occur in the roots with the plants. Nicotine is among the major aspects of addictive plants like tobacco (0.6%-3.0%) and it is the explanation for their addiction in humans because of its psychoactive nature.
The follow are 10 interesting information about how much nicotine is in a Cegarette.
1. Etymology
The name nicotine emanates from the scientific name with the tobacco plant Nicotiana tabacum. The scientific name with the tobacco plant is itself named french ambassador to Portugal Jean Nicot de Villemain. Villeman is credited for sending tobacco seeds and plant saplings to Paris in 1560 because of its utilization in medicinal purposes.
2. Extraction
Nicotine was first extracted from the tobacco plant by German physician Dr. Wilhelm Heinrich Posselt and chemist Karl Ludwig Reimann in 1828. After its discovery Posselt and Reimann labelled becoming a poison. In reality nicotine can be an antiherbivore chemical, which then causes addiction when consumed in small amounts (1mg or less) and death if consumed high amounts (30mg-60mg).
3. Chemistry
Nicotine can be an alkaloid using the chemical formula C10H14N2. Its IUPAC name is 3[2,5-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine. It possesses a molecular mass of 162.12g/mol. Nicotine is a hygroscopic liquid that is miscible with water like a nitrogenous base. Its density is 1.01g/cm3, melting point -79oC and boiling point 247oC. The nicotine molecule carries a half time of Two hours and its particular metabolism is hepatic. Nicotine can be optically active and possesses two enantiomeric forms.
4. Nicotine as a possible insecticide
As already said nicotine can be an antiherbivore drug which if consumed large amounts is fatal alive forms. That is why nicotine laden tobacco was used as a possible insecticide even before the planet War II. But after the WWII its usage drastically lowered as a result of availability of cheap synthetic insecticides which are more readily available than tobacco much less harmful to mammals. However in the latest times the hype surrounding organic farming has again increased the interest with the farmers from the usage of tobacco like a pesticide as a possible alternate to chemical pesticides.
5. Nicotine addiction
Our nervous system has certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Nicotine binds to many of such and increases the quantity of several neurotransmitters. Of these neurotransmitters dopamine is but one such neurotransmitter that is significantly increased during nicotine use and it is responsible for the sense of euphoria and relaxation due to the usage of tobacco (nicotine) products.
6. Psychoactive connection between nicotine
Nicotine is a psychoactive substance as it’s mood altering. It causes both euphoria and relaxation. In your body nicotine is metabolised from the liver. First after its metabolism nicotine ends in the production of glucose in the liver and epinephrine in the adrenal medulla. This sudden relieve glucose and epinephrine causes euphoria after the utilization of nicotine. As soon as the initial euphoria nicotine brings about relaxation, increased alertness and sharpness by taking care of different neurotransmitters with the body. Nicotine boasts pain relieving properties.
7. Side effects of nicotine intake
Tough it appears as though nicotine is an excellent substance to improve one’s sharpness, induce calmness and elevate one’s mood there are many negative facets of nicotine intake than positive. Of these the most common unwanted side effects of nicotine intake are a heightened probability of hypertension and heart attacks. It’s sad that each cigarette that the man smokes reduces his life time by 14 years. Moreover since nicotine has been seen to modify the working of Estrogen on hippocampus, hence over time nicotine users are inclined to amnesia and other connected diseases.
8. Toxicity
Nicotine is known as more toxic than most frequent drugs like heroin and cocaine. More damage is completed by nicotine on the human body because it is readily absorbed with the bloodstream and reaches your brain from the lungs within 7 seconds of its intake either orally or as patches.
9. Utilization of nicotine in medical science
Though nicotine is not an doctor’s best friend, it can be yet not his worst foe. Nicotine noted for its pain relieving properties has researched upon to use like a potential pain killer minus its ill-effects. Nicotine has additionally been found to reduce preeclampsia, allergic asthma; and others by becoming an anti-inflammatory agent.
10. Nicotine in literature
Nicotine may be personified in popular literature as Nick O’ Teen, a humanoid villainous character in Superman comics that was created in anti-nicotine drive to educate children in regards to the ill-effects of nicotine intake in all forms.
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